Furnace construction.



C, A. HAMMEL.

FURNACE CONSTQUCTION. APPLICAHON HLED OCT. 9. 19m.

Fat/sated Nov. 27/, 191?.

2 SHEE T3S HEET I- I agi C. A. HAMMEL FURNACE CONSTRUCUOFL APPLICATION FILED OCT. 9. 1915.

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CHARLES A. HAMMEL, 0F LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

FURNACE CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed Gctoher 9, 1916.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, CHAnLns A. HAMMEL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the count-y of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Furnace Constructions, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a furnace construction, and is especially suited for use with hydro-carbon burners.

It is an object of this invention to provide a highly efiicient furnace having an even distribution of heat, and which produces practically perfect combustion with a wide range of fuel consumption.

Heretofore furnaces of large dimensions and such as used with oil stills have employed a plurality of hydro-carbon burners in an attempt to provide means for evenly distributing the heat. It is another object of my invention to provide a furnace with one burner to do the work which has heretofore been attempted with a plurality of burners, and which is so constructed that it may be adjusted to give an even distribution of heat.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a furnace such that it may be completely constructed of fire brick and dirt fill.

To the ends above set forth, I have provided the floor of the combustion chamber with independent air ducts which spread from the burner, and are so arranged that the flow of air therethrough may be adjusted and thereby the heat distribution in the combustion chamber adjusted.

I have illustrated an embodiment of my invention in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure l is a sectional side elevation of a furnace.

Fig. 2 is a sectional front elevation.

Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view through the air ducts.

Fig. 4; is a sectional plan taken above the air ducts.

In the drawing, I have illustrated my invention applied to a furnace especially adapted for oil stills, but my invention is not limited to oil still furnaces. The front wall of the furnace is indicated by 5. In the front wall is a peek-hole 6. A recess 7 is provided adjacent the lower part of the wall within which a fuel burner 8 is dis- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 2?, i191? Serial No. 124,635.

posed. A bottom wall for the combustion chamber is indicated at 9, and at the rear of the combustion chamber is an inclined wall 10 for directing the heat upwardly. The bottom line of the still is conventionally represenlcd by 11.

Formed in the bottom of the combustion chamber are air ducts or flues. Referring particularly to Fig. 3, a common air inlet 12 is provided from which radiate air ducts 13 and 14 in fan form. At the crotch of air ducts 13 and 14 parallel air ducts 15 and 16 are formed communicating with the air inlet 12. The air ducts are constructed of fire brick and open at their upper sides to the combustion chamber. The spaces between the brick work may be formed with a dirt fill. An adjustable draft door 17 of any suitable construction is provided for controlling the draft through air inlet 12. Fire bricks 18 are laid across the top of the air ducts and spaced from each other, thereby forming a checker-work which retains heat and will heat the air as it passes therethrough. Disposed on opposite sides of the nozzle of the burner are air ducts 19 and 20 which communicate with the air inlet 12.

It will be noted that the side walls, front wall, and bottom walls of the furnace may be constructed entirely of fire brick while the fines in the bottom are constructed of tire brick with a dirt fill. This provides a construction which will withstand the heat and is easily laid up. The usual side doors in the front wall indicated by 21 and 22 are bricked up. The burner 8 is of a type in which the flame spreads, preferably the type of burner shown in my Patent 748,862 J an. 5, 1904, and the angle between air ducts 13 and 14 should be substantially that of the flame angle of the burner.

In the operation of the furnace the flame spreads as indicated by the dot and dash lines in Fig. 4, taking the air from the ducts 19 and 20 in generous quantities for the purpose of combustion. The flame is spread over the air ducts 13, 1 1, 15 and 16, and air is supplied thereto through the air slots formed between bricks 18. Thus air is supplied to every portion of the flame insuring complete and efficient combustion without smoke. If the draft of the still should cause the flame of the burner to be heavy on the right side, for illustration, then the air which flows into the flue on the left side of the furnace, namely, flue 13, may be choked. One or more bricks 23 may be laid upon one another as the circumstances require, so that the flow of air Will be choked and the draft on the opposite flue 14 increased, thereby equalizing the air entering the ducts, insuring complete combustion and uniform flame.

It Will be noted that an even distribution of flame is provided, and means for adjusting the same by means of bricks placed in the fines.

What I claim is:

1. A furnace, comprising a combustion chamber, and a fuel burner therein, the bottom of said chamber provided With independent air ducts spreading from said burner and communicating along their length With said chamber.

2. A furnace, comprising a combustion chamber, the bottom of said chamber provided with independent air ducts radiating from a common center, and a burner disposed in said chamber over said common center.

3, A furnace, comprising a combustion chamber, a common air inlet at one end thereof, independent air flues at the bottom of said chamber radiating from said air inlet and communicating along their length with said. combustion chamber, and a burner disposed over said air inlet so as to spread the flame over said air flues.

4L. A furnace, comprising a combustion chamber, a common air inlet at the front thereof, a pair of independent air flues in the bottom of said chamber arranged in fan form radiating from said air inlet, and communicating along their length With said Copies of this patent may be obtained for combustion chamber, and a burner disposed over said inlet so as to spread the flame over said air flues.

5. A furnace, comprising a combustion chamber, a fuel burner therein, the bottom of said chamber provided With independent air ducts spreading from said burner and communicating along their length With said chamber, and means to regulate the flow of air in said ducts.

6. A furnace, comprising a combustion chamber, the bottom of said chamber provided With independent air ducts radiating from a common center, a burner disposed in said chamber over said common center, and means to regulate the flow of air in said ducts.

7. A furnace, comprising a combustion chamber, a common air inlet at one end thereof, independent air flues at the bottom of said chamber radiating from said air inlet and communicating along their length with said combustion chamber, a fan flame burner disposed over said air inlet so as to spread the flame over said fines, and means to regulate the flow of air in said fiues.

8. A furnace, comprising a combustion chamber, a common air inlet at the front thereof, a pair of independent air flues in the bottom of said chamber arranged in fan form radiating from said air inlet and communicating along their length With said combustion chamber, a fan flame burner disposed over said air inlet so as to spread the flame over said air flues, andmeans to regulate the flow of air in said flues'.

In Witness that I claim theforegoing I have hereunto subscribed my name. I 7

CHARLES A. HAMMEL.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington. D. G. v 

